According to the Constitution the House of Representatives Could Have
Ramble Qualifications
"No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be called."
— U.S. Constitution, Article I, section ii, clause 2
/tiles/not-drove/i/i_origins_constitutional_qualifications_aoc.xml Scene at the Signing of the Constitution, Howard Chandler Christy, 1940, prototype courtesy of the Architect of the Capitol
The Constitution placed notably few hurdles between ordinary citizens and becoming a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives. The founders wanted the House to exist the legislative sleeping room closest to the people—the least restrictive on historic period, citizenship, and the only federal function at the time discipline to frequent pop election. The Constitution requires that Members of the Firm exist at least 25 years former, have been a U.S. citizen for at least vii years, and alive in the state they represent (though non necessarily the same district). And Commodity VI, clause three requires that all Members take an adjuration to support the Constitution before they exercise the duties of their office. In Federalist 52, James Madison of Virginia wrote that, "Nether these reasonable limitations, the door of this function of the federal government is open to merit of every description, whether native or adoptive, whether immature or old, and without regard to poverty or wealth, or to any item profession of religious faith."
Origins
The constitutional qualifications for function originate in British police. Members of the House of Eatables had to live in the shires or boroughs they represented, although that was rarely done in do. The founders used that instance to motivate the requirement that Members of the Firm live in the state they represent. This would increase the likelihood that they would be familiar with the people'due south interests there, only at that place was no mention during the debates about living in the same district. The district system emerged later as states dealt with how to fairly organize their congressional delegations.
Citizenship
At the time the U.S. Constitution was written, the British prevented anyone born outside England or its Empire from serving in the Commons, even if the individual had later go a denizen. By mandating that an individual be a citizen for at least seven years, the founders attempted to strike a remainder between preventing foreign interference in domestic politics and keeping the Business firm of Representatives close to the people. The founders as well did non want to discourage immigration to the new country past shutting off the government to new arrivals.
Age
The founders initially set 21, the voting age, as the minimum age to serve in the Firm. During the Federal Constitutional Convention, though, George Mason of Virginia moved to make the age 25. Bricklayer said that at that place should exist a menstruation between being free to manage one'south own affairs and managing the "affairs of a great nation." Convention Delegate James Wilson of Pennsylvania objected to the suggestion that any further restrictions exist placed on Business firm membership, and cited the service of William Pitt as a counterexample. Pitt, who held role at the time of the Convention, was the youngest prime minister in British history at the age of 24. Even so, Stonemason'due south subpoena passed seven states to three.
The Firm and Its Members
Article I, section 5 of the Constitution provides the House with the dominance to determine whether Members-elect are qualified to exist seated. For instance, William Claiborne of Tennessee became the youngest person to ever serve in the Firm when he was elected and seated in 1797 at the age of 22. The House too seated Claiborne at the historic period of 24, when he won re-election. The Firm, however, has not e'er been so lenient. Representative John Young Brown of Kentucky was offset elected to the House in the 36th Congress (1859–1861) when he was 24, but the Firm refused to administer the adjuration of office to him until he was 25—later the first session of the Congress was over.
For Farther Reading
Farrand, Max, ed. The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787. Rev. ed. iv vols. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1937.
Madison, James, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay. The Federalist Papers. New York: Penguin Books, 1987.
Story, Joseph. Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States. iii vols. Boston, 1833.
Source: https://history.house.gov/Institution/Origins-Development/Constitutional-Qualifications/
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